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Edition No.: 108

28 October 2019

Preparation of Compressed Stabilized Earthen Blocks (CSEB) in Teendhara, Ward 10, Mandan Deupur Municipality, Kavrepalanchok. Participants are molding and compacting the blocks in the proportion Cement:Sand:Clay:Aggregate as 1:3:2:10. Two different types of blocks, half and full size are being prepared. This is a part of Habitat for Humanity's (HfH) reconstruction project for integrated settlements. HfH is planning to build 29 four-roomed CSEB houses, one community building and one Gumba (Monastery) in Teendhara. HfH has submitted a detailed project report (DPR) which is in the final approval process.

NRA requests beneficiaries to take second tranche by November 16, 2019 (Kartik 30, 2076)

The National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) has requested earthquake beneficiaries to take their second tranche of the grant for private housing reconstruction by November 16. This deadline has been set for the beneficiaries who had taken the first tranche before July 16, 2018.

Farewell to HRRP-National Coordinator, Mr. Loren Lockwood

HRRP would like to thank HRRP-National Coordinator, Mr. Loren Lockwood (August 2015 to October 2019) for his dedication and contributions to Nepal's Earthquake Recovery and Reconstruction process. His support in coordination from Nepal's Shelter Cluster to the post earthquake housing reconstruction is greatly appreciated. The HRRP family is very grateful to have gained the experience of coordination, management and operations under Loren's exemplary leadership. Thank you Loren.

Kusum Deo

Engineer, Gokarneshwor Municipality, Kathmandu

fEATURED tECHNICAL sTAFF pERSON

This month's featured technical staff person is Kusum Deo. She has been working as an engineer in Gokarneshwor Municipality, Kathmandu since April 2016. She is also a reconstruction focal person for municipality. She is one of the few engineers who has been involved in the reconstruction work since the very beginning of the earthquake reconstruction programme launched by the Government of Nepal.

Kusum considers herself very lucky to be working in the reconstruction programme and assisting the earthquake affected households to build back their homes better.

She shares her experience of working in the diverse settings of Gokarneshwor Municipality, where the settlements range from typically rural to urban cores.

She states that understanding the social, environmental and economic aspects of the reconstruction process was particularly challenging despite her technical know-how and expertise in engineering design and construction.

HIGHLIGHTS

NRA request to earthquake beneficiaries to take the second tranche by 16th November 2019.
NRA CLPIU-Grant Management and Local Infrastructure (GMaLI) requests all the DLPIU-GMaLI for the implementation of the above decision of NRA Executive Committee held on 16th October 2019.
HRRP would like to wish all our partners a very Happy Tihar and Chaath!
HRRP bids farewell to HRRP National Coordinator, Mr. Loren Lockwood.

Photo Features

Ward 2, Nechasalyan Rural Municipality, Solukhumbu: single storey with attic, two room, stone in mud mortar house with wooden bands.

Ward 7, Kailash Rural Municipality, Makwanpur: hybrid structure, ground floor is in stone with mud mortar and RCC bands, and the first floor is a light timber structure.

National UPDATES

NRA, CLPIU GMaLI and Building, Grant Disbursement Data, as of 24 October:

Progress with the disbursement of the GoN housing reconstruction and retrofit grants based on NRA, GMaLI CLPIU
data as of 24 October 2019.

NRA requests earthquake beneficiaries to take the second tranche by 16 November: The National Reconstruction Authority (NRA) has requested earthquake beneficiaries to take their second tranche of the grant for private housing reconstruction by November 16. This deadline has been set for the beneficiaries who had taken the first tranche before July 16, 2018. The NRA CEO informed during an event held in Lalitpur and urged everyone to focus on urban reconstruction. The major urban reconstruction issues and challenges in Lalitpur were also discussed such as small plots, disputes on the ownership of the land certificate, financial constraints and beneficiary's not proceeding to take second tranche after receiving first tranche. The government has been providing 50,000 NPRs as the first tranche, 150,000 NPRs in the second tranche, and 100,000 NPRs in the third tranche for private housing reconstruction.

NRA, CLPIU-GMaLI requests all the DLPIU-GMaLI for the implementation of the decisions of the meeting held on 16 October 2019 (2076/06/29): National Reconstruction Authority (NRA), CLPIU-GMaLI has requested all the Chiefs of DLPIU-GMaLI of Sindhupalchowk, Gorkha, Kathmandu, Bhaktapur, Nuwakot, Lalitpur, Rasuwa, Dolakha, Kavrepalanchowk, Okhaldhunga, Sindhuli, Ramechap, Dhading, Makawanpur, Dhankuta, Sankhuwasava, Bhojpur, Khotang, Solukhumbu, Chitwan, Kaski, Nawalparasi East, Nawalparasi West, Lamjung, Tanahu, Argakhanchi, Gulmi, Palpa, Syangja, Parbat, Baglung and Myagdi for the implementation of the decisions of the CEO Level meeting held on 16th October 2019 (2076/06/29) for the distribution of first tranche to the following categories of beneficiaries: beneficiaries added through grievance, beneficiaries residing in vulnerable and disaster-prone areas, landless beneficiaries, beneficiaries who are verified and allowed to reconstruct houses in public land by the decision of the District Reconstruction Coordination Committee, beneficiaries identified through Appellate Committee, beneficiaries who have been changed from reconstruction grant to retrofitting and vice versa and beneficiaries under retrofitting grant. The NRA request letter to implement the decisions is available here for further reference.

Accelerating Localization through Partnerships, 24 October 2019: Accelerating Localization through Partnerships (ALtP) Consortium organized a 'National-Level Workshop to Disseminate Pathways to Localization - A framework towards locally led humanitarian response in partnership-based action.' The report summarizes the key findings and recommendations from the Nepal Country Report: Accelerating Localization Through Partnerships (November 2018) and provides recommendations in key areas of partnerships, capacity, financial resources and coordination. The research was commissioned by the Accelerating Localization Through Partnerships programme – a multiagency consortium programme funded by the European Commission's Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid department (ECHO) over two years (2017-2019) – to establish what operational elements of partnerships between local, national and international NGOs are most likely to foster localization of humanitarian action. For detailed report, click here

'Budget Allocation and Implementation by Local Governments' and 'Formation and Functioning of Provincial Governments': Interaction and discussion program on "Budget Allocation and Implementation by Local Governments" and "Formation and Functioning of Provincial Governments", 24 October 2019. Democracy Resource Center Nepal (DRCN) organized an interaction program on "Budget allocation and implementation by Local Government" on 24th October in Kathmandu. The findings of the research report were presented followed by an open discussion.

Experiences Sharing on Challenges and Solutions in Urban Reconstruction, 23 October 2019: An interaction session was held in order to share experiences on "Challenges and Solutions in Urban Reconstruction" at DUDBC hall on 23rd October. HRRP made a presentation outlining the current key urban issues and challenges followed by NSET and three municipalities viz. Banepa, Mahalaxmi and Kathmandu sharing the current status and learnings of urban reconstruction from their geographic areas. NRA Executive Committee Member, Dr. Chandra Bahadur Shrestha stated that they have solutions for some of the complex urban issues and are seeking strategies for some others. He shared that they are making progress on the issues of retrofitting by increasing institutional capacity, soft loans by giving a government subsidy of 5% to the interest rate and have also recently introduced a policy on joint housing. The more complex issues are connected to land availability and ownership and the issue of demolition damaging the neighbor's home. He concluded stating that more support from local governments and NGOs is required.

An Urban Working Group was proposed at the event in order to support the work of the NRA and municipalities in urban recovery. Six interested members (NSET, CRS, Lumanti, KMC, JICA, World Vision and HRRP) signed up to join the working group and the first meeting will convene in the second week of November 2019. There were 40 participants at the event (23 males and 17 females) from NRA, municipalities and donor and NGO representatives including Deputy Mayor of Mahalaxmi, Ms. Nirmala Thapa. Kindly contact Bhubaneswari Parajuli: techcord.national@hrrpnepal.org if you are interested in joining the Urban Working Group. Please access all the presentations here.

DISTRICT AND MUNICIPAL UPDATES

HRRP District and Municipal Coordination Meetings, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019: during this period district coordination meetings took place in Lalitpur (30 Sep), Makwanpur (20 Oct) and Kathmandu (21 Oct). Municipal level meetings took place in municipalities and wards across Dolakha, Kavrepalanchok, Lalitpur, Ramechhap, Sindhuli, Sindhupalchok & Solukhumbu. Some of the highlights from these meetings include:

In Lalitpur, to address the challenges in reconstruction, DLPIU GMaLI and DLPIU Building are tracking reasons for the delay in accessing the second and third tranches by the households. GMaLI with support from HRRP is also tracking the duplication of households that have been supported by partner organizations. Centre for Integrated Urban Development (CIUD) noted that some households in Bungmati area are facing challenges in getting approval of building drawings from the Municipality, as plot area mentioned in the land ownership certificate does not match with the actual land area. Maya Foundation supporting reconstruction in Pilachhen, Lalitpur Metropolitan City is encouraging households to complete reconstruction by December 2020.

In Makwanpur, based on the reconstruction update from GMaLI and Building, a meeting was held to come up with a plan to complete the reconstruction within the set NRA deadline. The meeting discussed the preparation of an action plan by ward offices and regular monitoring and information collection and dissemination to complete the reconstruction within the NRA deadline. Concerned reconstruction stakeholders were asked to submit a progress report in the next meeting. Regarding the purchase of land for landless households, monitoring of land for the 5 households from ward 1 and 2 of Bhimphedi Rural Municipality has been completed. These households can now start reconstruction in those lands.

In Kathmandu, a meeting was held where it was decided to collect details of houses constructed before the deployment of NRA technical staff from the ward offices by 25th October 2019. Similarly, decisions were made to collect details of multiple ownership, vulnerable households, households that have received first tranche but not the second tranche, households that have not withdrawn the first tranche and households that have received partial support from partner organizations by 10th November 2019. Finally, ward offices were requested to submit the details of the households under retrofit grant list to DLPIU Building. Details of 40% of the retrofitted households to be submitted by 1st November 2019 and 100% by 16th November 2019.

In Kavrepalanchok, Ward 10, MandanDeupur Municipality (21 Oct 2019), it was reported that the ward office would follow up with the households that have not progressed beyond the first tranche. There are 50 households that have taken the first tranche only and 43 households that have taken the second tranche but not the third tranche. Four households have not been able to reconstruct due to issues with road expansion and new road bylaws. The ward office has identified three settlements at risk of landslide and have sent the list to NRA to address the concerns.

The meetings in Sindhupalchok, Tripura Sundari Rural Municipality (1st Oct 2019), Barhabise Municipality (17th Oct 2019), Bhotekoshi Rural Municipality (18th Oct 2019), focused on carrying out the Census and Survey (CS) Entry as per the target set per month. It was also decided to take necessary action if CS Entry are not met as per the target. The meeting also decided to collect the details of landless households, households that have taken the first tranche and not started reconstruction from all the wards, to identify the issues and concerns in order to support the families to start reconstruction.

In Dolakha, Ward 8, Kalinchowk Rural Municipality (22 Oct 2019) & Ward 3, Bhimeshwor Municipality (23 Oct 2019), it was reported that private housing reconstruction progress is moving at a good pace in Ward 8, Kalinchowk RM. However, reconstruction of temples and monasteries is reported to be lagging in the area. There was concern regarding a delay in starting reconstruction due to the delayed result of resurvey and re-verification from NRA. In Ward 3, Bhimeshwor Municipality, haphazard urbanization, unplanned settlements and irregular gaps between the houses are delaying reconstruction. There are also a large number of households under the retrofitting list, but they have not shown interest in retrofitting due to the perception of high costs associated with retrofitting.

In Sindhuli, Tinpatan Rural Municipality (22 Oct 2019), wards offices were requested to submit the details of the households under retrofit grant list to DLPIU Building. Details of 40% of retrofitted households to be submitted by 1st November 2019 and 100% by 16th November 2019. UNOPS retrofitting program update was given during the meeting. UNOPS is targeting to retrofit 69 houses within November 2019.

In Ramechhap, Ward 4, Khadadevi Rural Municipality (22 Oct 2019), the key challenge in the ward is that none of the households under retrofit grant have signed the partnership agreement with the Government. Due to a lack of understanding on retrofitting, households are reluctant to go for retrofitting. It was reported that there are families still living in their damaged houses instead of living in new houses. Mainly people who have built two room houses have not moved into new houses due to insufficient space to meet the family needs. Discrepancy in data between GMaLI and the ward office was also highlighted during the meeting. The ward office has decided to conduct door-to-door campaigns to encourage the people to shift to their new houses.

In Lalitpur, Wards 9 and 17, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, (21 Oct 2019): In ward 9, issues reported were the addition of storeys after accessing the third tranche and houses not built as per the drawing, without following the minimum requirements. However, reconstruction in ward 17 was reported to be good where fully damaged houses have been reconstructed. The key reconstruction issues in both wards are small parcels of land, multiple beneficiaries belonging to the same house, eccentric footing between earthquake damaged and non-damaged houses. Ward offices have requested for a proper guideline to address the issues related to small land holdings that have been delaying reconstruction.

In Solukhumbu, Ward 2, Nechasalyan Rural Municipality (17 Oct 2019): Issues raised in the meeting were that households under retrofit list are not keen on retrofit their houses and that some households have not started reconstruction even after taking the first tranche. It was also reported that 19 households have been left out during the resurvey and reverification process as they did not have required documents, and few were not present at home at the time of the survey. It has been decided to monitor the houses constructed after the 2015 earthquake and to gather concerns and issues from the households in order to address them and expedite the reconstruction process.

In Dolakha, meetings took place in Baiteshor Rural Muncipality (20 Aug 2019), Ward 6, Jiri Municipality (21 Aug 2019) & Tamakoshi Rural Municipality (23 Aug 2019). The common issue reported was lack of understanding about retrofitting among local authorities as well as the communities. People generally compare the grant amount between reconstruction and retrofit and are interested to construct new house instead of retrofitting their damaged house.

In Lamjung, Marshyangdi Rural Municipality (19 Aug 2019), 161 households in retrofit grant have taken first tranche but have not started any work related to retrofitting. It was also discussed that local masons are not confident enough to build resilient and safe structures due to lack of proper mason training. Additionally, the NRA decision to provide NPRs. 300,000 housing reconstruction grant to the houses built before the deployment of technical persons in the field, has created confusion on minimum requirement and grant disbursement mechanism among the communities.

HRRP District Coordiantion Team Bhaktapur and Lalitpur, Monthly Report, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019

Ward 17, Lalitpur Metropolitan City, Lalitpur: 5.5 storey RCC structure. The homeowner has received all three tranches of the Government housing reconstruction grant. After receiving the third tranche, the homeowner added 1.5 storeys to the permissible limit of 4 storeys, making the structure non-compliant. The homeowner has not received a completion certificate.

HRRP District Coordiantion Team Kavrepalanchok, Monthly Report, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019

Ward 10, MandanDeupur Municipality, Kavrepalanchok: single storey, four room, brick in cement mortar structure. The homeowner has received all three tranches of the Government housing reconstruction grant. The total cost of construction is 23,00,000 NPRs.

HRRP District Coordiantion Team Kathmandu Monthly Report, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019

Ward 15, Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Kathmandu: 5.5 storey RCC structure with 9" x 9" column. The homeowner has claimed to have retrofitted the house where jacketing of six damaged columns upto two storeys have been done. District Support Engineer has requested the homeowner to submit the details of the house for structural analysis.

HRRP District Coordiantion Team Makwanpur Monthly Report, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019

Ward 7, Kailash Rural Municipality, Makwanpur: hybrid structure, ground floor is in stone with mud mortar and RCC bands, and the first floor is a light timber structure. Roof bands are properly connected. The homeowner is not in Government reconstruction grant list, but he has constructed a compliant structure.

HRRP District Coordiantion Team Nuwakot & Rasuwa Monthly Report, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019

Ward 11, Bidur Municipality, Nuwakot: single storey, two room, brick in cement structure with a rigid roof. The homeowner has received all three tranches of the Government housing reconstruction grant.

HRRP District Coordiantion Team Sindhupalchok Monthly Report, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019

Ward 1, Bhotekoshi Rural Municipality, Sindhupalchok: single storey, two room, load bearing stone in mud mortar house with CGI roofing. The homeowner has received all three tranches of the Government housing reconstruction grant.

HRRP District Coordiantion Team Solukhumbu Monthly Report, 27 Sep - 21 Oct 2019

Ward 2, Nechasalyan Rural Municipality, Solukhumbu: single storey with attic, two room, stone in mud mortar house with wooden bands. The homeowner has received the second tranche of the Government housing reconstruction grant and has been approved for third tranche. The total cost of construction is 8,50,000 NPRs.

CASE STUDIES

Featured Technical Staff Person, Kusum Deo, this month's featured technical staff person is Kusum Deo. She has been working as an engineer in Gokarneshwor Municipality, Kathmandu since April 2016. She is also a reconstruction focal person at the municipality. She is one of the few engineers who has been involved in the reconstruction work since the very beginning of earthquake reconstruction programme launched by the Government of Nepal. Kusum considers herself very lucky to have got an opportunity to work in reconstruction programme assisting the earthquake affected households to build back better homes. She shares her experience of working in the diverse municipality of Gokarneshwor, where the settlements range from a typical rural to urbanized setting.

She said she has been involved in reconstruction work in Gokarneshwor Municipality from the initial stage, starting from conducting damage assessments and surveys, facilitating partnership agreements between the Government and the households, to distributing Government grants and completion certificates to the households that have built earthquake resistant houses complying with the NRA guidelines and standards.

Kusum believes that as a reconstruction engineer, her responsibility is not only confined to supporting households to build safe and earthquake resistant houses and approve the houses for government grant, but also to share knowledge and skills to sensitize people about disaster risk reduction and resilient reconstruction compliant with government building codes. She played an important role in transferring knowledge and skills in design and construction as well as training masons to build earthquake resistant houses.

But the work was not as easy as one would have imagined. She stated that understanding the social, environmental and economic aspects of the reconstruction process was particularly challenging despite her technical know-how and expertise in engineering design and construction. The job provided her with an opportunity to understand the conditions of the affected families as well as their needs and concerns by closely interacting with and listening to them. That is when she came to realize that she was not only a technical person but also a social engineer who needed to understand the communities and listen to their voices before embarking on any technical tasks.

She also values the opportunity of working with the municipality in the reconstruction efforts including ward-level orientation programs, and awareness programs about reconstruction and retrofitting initiatives. Kusum is very happy to see the reconstruction of private houses moving well with completion of more than 60% of the houses at Gokarneshwor Municipality. Not only that these houses are earthquake resilient but also that people are well-aware of the importance of building resilient houses.

Kusum and her team continue working hard to support communities in retrofitting of partially damaged buildings, which is lagging largely due to insufficient trained human resources for retrofitting and a low-level of awareness on retrofitting among the beneficiaries.

Rabindra Khatri, Reconstruction Beneficiary: Rabindra Khatri lives in Ward No. 5, Bhardeu, Konjyosom Rural Municipality, Lalitpur district. His one-storey stone-in-mud-mortar house was completely damaged by 2015 earthquake. He also lost his two 7- and 11-years old daughters in the earthquake.

His wife and four-year-old son survived the disaster. He was working abroad when the earthquake happened. He returned to Nepal and gathered courage to rebuild his home with his surviving members. Initially, he thought that the Government procedures to receive the grants for reconstruction would be difficult for illiterate people like him.

Thanks to the support of Rural Institution for Community Development (RICOD), Rabindra learned that he had been selected as a beneficiary for top-up support at a meeting of the then ward citizen forum. The peer educator of RICOD helped him to understand how to make the relevant documents, bank procedures and other formalities made by the government to get the grant. However, the government grant was not enough to cover the total cost of reconstructing the new house. Nevertheless, RICOD staff encouraged him to start the reconstruction. Rabindra was supported with 185 kg iron rod, 25 bags of cement & 3 bundles of CGI sheets by RICOD. Besides top-up materials support, RICOD also provided technical support to him during the reconstruction.

With the completion of reconstruction work, he now lives in the new house constructed in full compliance with government building code standards. In their earthquake resilient house, he and his family now feel safe and secure from the risks of earthquake hazards in the future.

Dil Bahadur Gharti Magar, Mason, Khadadevi Rural Municipality,Ramechhap: Dil Bahadur Gharti Magar hails from Tribeni Rural Municipality, Rolpa district. He is now working as a "Retrofit Builder Trainer" with UNOPS/Build Change at Khadadevi Rural Municipality Ramechhap district. However, he has been working as a mason for the last 12 years in different parts of the country.

He shared that the 2015 earthquake came as an opportunity for him opening myriads of jobs in building houses. Initially, he worked in Charikot and Jiri, Dolakha district where he completed reconstruction of almost 20 houses. While he was working as a mason in Manthali Municipality, Ramechhap, he came across a vacancy for Builder Trainer with UNOPS/Build Change and decided to apply for it. He was very happy that he was selected for the retrofitting training from UNOPS/Build Change. Initially, he found it difficult to understand the retrofit technique, but with guidance and support from Build Change he successfully completed the training and got involved in retrofitting of eight model houses including wooden houses.

He is currently involved in retrofitting of ten houses at Khadadevi Rural Municipality. He shared that in comparison to reconstruction, retrofitting is challenging due to lack of knowledge and skills of masons in retrofitting. He believes that more mason trainings are needed in order to speed up the retrofitting process. With an increasing number of households enlisted in the retrofitting grant and start of retrofit demonstration houses, Dil Bahadur is hopeful that retrofitting work would pick up pace in the coming days.

Media coverage & communication on reconstruction

Kathamala Radiodrama Episode 4: Raju shares about experience of bringing in television for the first time in their house. He has this habit of sharing any information to his maternal uncle. He has developed this habit since his childhood. One day the maternal uncle finds out the Raju was searching for him but when he arrives at Raju's house, he finds out the house locked up. The maternal uncle gets tensed up when Raju suddenly finds him and shares that engineer has approved that their house for retrofitting. He shares about how their old and traditional houses can be retrofitted and be earthquake safe. At last, they share about how they felt when they were searching for each other.

Kathamala Radiodrama Episode 5: A story of Grandmother which is narrated by her granddaughter. Grandmother is invited to stay in London with her son as she has no earthquake safe house. Her house is partially damaged and has cracks. Her son continuously fears about another earthquake that may occur. She refuses every time to stay in London. So, her son visits to take her to London and shares his fear of another earthquake. Grandmother shares her attachment and emotional connection with the old house and does want to demolish the house and wants to retrofit the house. Granddaughter shares about how they got informed about retrofitting in their school. At last, they visit the ward office and discuss about retrofitting and her son agrees to retrofit the house.

NATIONAL PRODUCTS

Monthly e-newsletter of National Reconstruction Authority - September 2019

HRRP PRODUCTS

Reconstruction and Retrofitting information pack highlights the reconstruction and retrofitting progress in all 32-earthquake affected district at the municipal level. This data is updated by HRRP district staff in close coordination with municipal focal persons. The links will be automatically updated to provide the reconstruction snapshot (PDF) for the month. Please access the links here.

Palika Profiles (Municipal reconstruction profiles): HRRP has developed reconstruction and recovery profiles for all 282 earthquake affected municipalities. The municipalities are responsible for updating the profiles on a monthly basis with support from HRRP. Municipal reconstruction profiles for all the earthquake affected municipalities can be accessed from this link: http://bit.ly/palikaprofiles

Municipal dataset on Reconstruction: A composite dataset for 282 municipalities (urban status, damage grade, reconstruction, retrofitting and vulnerable HHs as identified by NRA can be assessed here as CSV and PDF. The dataset is updated by the municipalities with support from HRRP.

Partner PRODUCTS

Supporting Safer Reconstruction After Disaster: A joint publication by UN-Habitat and AXA makes the case for technical assistance in housing reconstruction, and provides recommendations for its implementation through sound approaches and activities. Part A of the publication addresses "why technical assistance?" by describing the current context and role of technical assistance in post-disaster housing recovery, and part B elaborates on "what technical assistance?" through thematic chapters on various aspects such as organizational arrangements, cross-cutting issues and disaster risk management cycles to name a few.

Reconstructing Nepal: Post-Earthquake Experiences from Bhaktapur, Dhading and Sindhupalchowk: The paper inquires reconstruction processes through the lens of 1) construction: understanding reconstruction as a process that is technical as well as socio-cultural; 2) law: inquiring how people interface with reconstruction policies; and 3) finance: analyzing funding mechanisms and financial flows for reconstruction. The research focuses on post-earthquake experiences from Bhaktapur, Dhading and Sindhupalchowk. This working paper is an output of the research project, 'Expertise, Labour and Mobility in Nepal's Post-conflict, Post-Disaster Reconstruction: Construction, Law and Finance as Domains of Social Transformation' funded by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC).

2015 Nepal Earthquake: Seismic Performance and Post-Earthquake Reconstruction of Stone Masonry Buildings: This study presents the extent of damage sustained by the residential buildings in 2015 Nepal earthquake sequence focusing on stone in mud mortar masonry typology as this was the highest contributor to the seismic damage. The study also includes a seismic performance assessment for a number of ground motions on both pre- and post- earthquake stone in mud mortar masonry typologies in order to derive seismic fragility and vulnerability functions, considering the uncertainty in ground motions and material quality.

Contact Us

HRRP Nepal Office

Jawagal, Lalitpur, Nepal

Tel: (+977) - 01 - 5544149

Email: info@hrrpnepal.org

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HRRP Bulletin - 28 October